Ukuhlukaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwenjoloba

1. Incazelo yenjoloba

Igama elithi “iraba” livela olimini lwaseNdiya elithi cau uchu, okusho ukuthi “isihlahla esikhalayo”.

Incazelo ku-ASTM D1566 imi kanje: irabha iyinto engalulama ngokushesha nangempumelelo ukuguqulwa kwayo ngaphansi kokuguqulwa okukhulu futhi ingashintshwa.Irabha eguquliwe ayikwazi (kodwa ingancibilika) kuzincibilikisi ezibilayo ezifana ne-benzene, i-methyl ethyl ketone, ingxube ye-ethanol toluene, njll. Irabha eguquliwe yanwetshwa yaba kabili ubude bayo bangempela ekamelweni lokushisa futhi yagcinwa umzuzu owodwa.Ngemva kokukhipha amandla angaphandle, ingalulama ibe ngaphansi kokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1.5 ubude bayo bangempela ngomzuzu owodwa.Ukuguqulwa okubhekiselwe kukho encazelweni empeleni kubhekisele ekuvuvukeni.

Iketango lamangqamuzana enjoloba lingaxhunyaniswa.Lapho irabha exhunywe esiphambanweni ikhubazekile ngaphansi kwamandla angaphandle, inamandla okubuyisela ngokushesha, futhi inezici ezinhle zomzimba nemishini kanye nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali.Irabha exhunywe kancane iyinto evamile enwebekayo ephezulu.

I-Rubber iyinto ye-polymer, enezici eziningi ezijwayelekile zalolu hlobo lwezinto zokwakha, njengokuminyana okuphansi, ukufinyeleleka okuphansi koketshezi, ukwahlukanisa, i-viscoelasticity nokuguga kwemvelo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, irabha ithambile futhi iphansi ngobulukhuni.

2. Ukuhlukaniswa okuyinhloko kwerabha

Injoloba ihlukaniswe ngenjoloba yemvelo kanye nerabha yokwenziwa ngokuya ngezinto ezingavuthiwe.Ingahlukaniswa nge-block irabha eluhlaza, i-latex, irabha ewuketshezi kanye nerabha eyimpuphu ngokuya ngokuma.

I-Latex iyi-colloidal water dispersion of rubber;Irabha eluketshezi i-oligomer yerabha, ngokuvamile ewuketshezi olubonayo ngaphambi kokuba ivuthwe;

Irabha yempushana isetshenziselwa ukucubungula i-latex ibe yimpushana yokuhlanganisa nokucutshungulwa.

Irabha ye-thermoplastic eyakhiwa ngeminyaka yawo-1960s ayidingi ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali, kodwa isebenzisa izinto ezibalulekile zokucubungula amapulasitiki ashisayo ukuze yakheke.Irabha ingahlukaniswa ngohlobo olujwayelekile kanye nohlobo olukhethekile ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa.

3. Ukusetshenziswa kwerabha

Injoloba iyinto eyisisekelo yemboni yenjoloba, esetshenziswa kabanzi ukwenza amathayi,amapayipi enjoloba, amakhasethi,isivalo senjoloba, izintambo neminye imikhiqizo yenjoloba.

4. Ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yenjoloba eshisiwe

Imikhiqizo ye-Rubber vulcanized ithuthukiswa nemboni yezimoto.Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwemboni yezimoto kanye nemboni ye-petrochemical eminyakeni yawo-1960 kuye kwalithuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokukhiqizwa kwemboni yenjoloba;Ngawo-1970, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zejubane eliphezulu, ukuphepha, ukongiwa kwamandla, ukuqedwa kokungcola kanye nokuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwezimoto, kwakhuthazwa izinhlobo ezintsha zamathayi.Ukusetshenziswa kwerabha eluhlaza kubala ingxenye enkulu kwezokuthutha.

Ngokwesibonelo;Iloli iJiefang 4-tons lidinga imikhiqizo yenjoloba engaphezu kuka-200 kg, inqola yesihlalo esiqinile idinga ukuhlonyiswa ngemikhiqizo yenjoloba engaphezu kuka-300 kg, umkhumbi wamathani angu-10000 udinga cishe amathani ayi-10 emikhiqizo yenjoloba, kanti indiza yendiza idinga cishe 600 kg yerabha.Ezokuthutha olwandle, emhlabeni nasemoyeni, akekho ongakwenza ngaphandle kwemikhiqizo yenjoloba eshisiwe.