1. Yini insimbi engagqwali?
Insimbi engagqwali iwuhlobo lwensimbi.Insimbi isho insimbi equkethe ngaphansi kuka-2% carbon (c), kanye nensimbi engaphezu kuka-2%.Izakhi ze-alloy ezifana ne-chromium (CR), i-nickel (Ni), i-manganese (MN), i-silicon (SI), i-titanium (TI) ne-molybdenum (MO) zengezwa ensimbi ekuncibilikeni kwensimbi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwensimbi futhi yenza insimbi ikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala (okungukuthi ingabi nokugqwala), okuyinto esivame ukuyibiza ngensimbi engagqwali.Isibonelo, imikhiqizo yethu yensimbi engagqwali:amabhanjo, isiphetho sendlu ejikajikayo,izinsimbi zendlu,qeda ngokuphindaphindiwe, njll.
2. Kungani insimbi engagqwali igqwala?
Insimbi engagqwali inamandla okumelana ne-oxidation yasemkhathini - ukumelana nokugqwala, futhi inamandla okumelana nokugqwala endaweni equkethe i-asidi, i-alkali nosawoti, okungukuthi, ukumelana nokugqwala.Kodwa-ke, ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi kuyahlukahluka ngokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali, isimo sokubambisana, isimo sesevisi kanye nohlobo oluphakathi nendawo.
Insimbi engagqwali iyifilimu encane kakhulu, eqinile futhi eqinile eqinile ye-chromium ecebile ye-oxide (ifilimu evikelayo) eyakhiwe endaweni yayo ukuze ivimbele ama-athomu omoya-mpilo ukuthi angaqhubeki nokungena nokukhipha i-oxidize, futhi athole ukumelana nokugqwala.Uma ifilimu isilimele ngokuqhubekayo ngesizathu esithile, ama-athomu omoya-mpilo emoyeni noma oketshezini azongena ngokuqhubekayo noma ama-athomu ensimbi asensimbi azoqhubeka ehlukana, enze i-iron oxide exekethile, futhi ingaphezulu lensimbi lizogqwala ngokuqhubekayo.Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokulimala kulesi sifihla-buso sobuso, futhi okulandelayo kuvamile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke:
1. Uthuli oluqukethe ezinye izakhi zensimbi noma okunamathiselwe kwezinhlayiya zensimbi ezingafani kugcinwa phezu kwensimbi engagqwali.Emoyeni oswakeme, i-condensate ephakathi kokunamathiselwe nensimbi engagqwali iwaxhuma kuseli elincane, okubangele ukusabela kwe-electrochemical futhi kulimaze ifilimu evikelayo, ebizwa ngokuthi i-electrochemical corrosion.
2. Amajusi emvelo (njengamakhabe nemifino, isobho lenoodle kanye nephlegm) anamathela ebusweni bensimbi engagqwali.Lapho kukhona amanzi nomoya-mpilo, zakha ama-asidi e-organic, azogqwalisa indawo yensimbi isikhathi eside.
3. Ingaphezulu lensimbi engagqwali linamathela nge-asidi, i-alkali kanye nezinto zikasawoti (njengamanzi ane-alkali kanye nokuhlola isifutho samanzi omcako sokuhlobisa udonga) ukuze kubangele ukugqwala kwendawo.4. Emoyeni ongcolile (umkhathi oqukethe inani elikhulu le-sulfide, i-oxide ne-hydrogen oxide), lapho uhlangana namanzi ajiyile, i-sulfuric acid, i-nitric acid kanye ne-acetic acid liquid points izokwakhiwa, okubangela ukugqwala kwamakhemikhali.
3, Indlela yokubhekana nokugqwala amabala ensimbi engagqwali?
a) Indlela yekhemikhali:
Sebenzisa i-picling paste noma fafaza ukuze usize izingxenye ezigqwalile ukuthi ziphinde zidlule futhi zenze ifilimu ye-chromium oxide ukuze ubuyisele ukumelana nokugqwala.Ngemuva kokuvuna, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugeza ngamanzi ahlanzekile kahle ukuze ususe zonke izinto ezingcolile nezinsalela ze-asidi.Ngemuva kwakho konke ukwelashwa, sebenzisa okokusebenza kokupholisha ukupholisha futhi futhi uvale nge-wax yokupholisha.Kulabo abanokugqwala okuncane endaweni, ingxube engu-1:1 kaphethiloli namafutha enjini ingasetshenziswa ukusula izindawo zokugqwala ngeragi ehlanzekile.
b) Indlela yemishini:
Ukuhlanza ukuqhuma, ukudubula ngengilazi noma izinhlayiya zobumba, ukuqothulwa, ukuxubha nokupholisha.Kungenzeka ukusula ukungcola okubangelwa izinto ezikhishwe ngaphambilini, izinto zokupholisha noma izinto zokuqothula ngezindlela zemishini.Zonke izinhlobo zokungcola, ikakhulukazi izinhlayiya zensimbi zangaphandle, zingase zibe umthombo wokugqwala, ikakhulukazi endaweni enomswakama.Ngakho-ke, indawo ehlanzwe ngomshini kufanele ihlanzwe ngokusemthethweni ngaphansi kwezimo ezomile.Indlela yomshini ingakwazi ukuhlanza indawo kuphela, futhi ayikwazi ukushintsha ukumelana nokugqwala kwezinto ngokwazo.Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuphinda upholishe ngemishini yokupholisha ngemva kokuhlanza ngomshini futhi uvale nge-wax yokupholisha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-26-2022